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Buscemi, Francesco et al.. 2018 ‘Illicit Firearms Proliferation in the EU Periphery: The Case of Ukraine.’ Triggering Terror: Illicit Gun Markets and Firearms Acquisition of Terrorist Networks in Europe, p. 466. Brussels: Flemish Peace Institute. 17 April

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2.1 Historical legacy of surplus weapons

A significant number of the illegally held firearms that are currently in circulation in Ukraine can be traced back to the armed conflicts that Ukraine experienced in the 20th century.

(…) Another important historical element that partially explains the high levels of illegal firearms in the country is the fact that the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic was home to huge military stockpiles and troop deployments. As part of the Soviet Union, Ukraine was critical to the Warsaw Pact's military-industrial complex and defence apparatus. With the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Ukraine inherited 1,810 defence enterprises with a total workforce of 2.7 million employees, which amounted to 30% of the Soviet Union's defence industry. In the stratified Soviet military strategy, the country formed the third defence echelon of the former Warsaw Pact states in the event of war. Part of this historical tradition has remained: Ukraine is currently still home to several small arms and light weapons manufacturers.

ID: Q15379

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